Implicações económicas das políticas agrícolas em resposta ao surto de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2022.163.4924Palavras-chave:
Covid19, política agrícola, efeitos distributivosResumo
O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o impacto econômico das políticas econômicas focadas no setor agropecuário, decretadas pelo governo colombiano no âmbito do Estado de Emergência Econômica, Social e Ecológica, a fim de mitigar os efeitos negativos da pandemia COVID-19 neste setor. Usou-se um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável, calibrado com uma matriz de contabilidade social que foi expandida para focar em algumas plantações do setor agrícola, considerando também diferentes tamanhos de unidades do setor agropecuário. Constatou-se que, em geral, esse conjunto de políticas não tem efeitos adversos, mas aumenta a produção agrícola das unidades incentivadas, principalmente das pequenas e médias unidades produtivas, o que também aumenta a demanda por mão de obra não qualificada, a renda disponível e o consumo das famílias rurais em níveis pré-covid. Os resultados estão condicionados às opções de financiamento desse conjunto de políticas. Além disso, dependendo da opção de financiamento, a diferença de renda entre as áreas rurais e urbanas pode ser reduzida ou ampliada.
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